04 — Sources

REFERENCES &
SOURCES

All sources used in the presentation, organised by slide group. Click any link to open the original source.

General Overview — Slides 1–13
01 Northwestern University Library Guide https://libguides.northwestern.edu/BokoHaram
02 US DNI / NCTC — Boko Haram terrorist group profile https://www.dni.gov/nctc/terrorist_groups/boko_haram.html
03 US DNI / NCTC — Boko Haram group overview https://www.dni.gov/nctc/groups/boko_haram.html
04 Die Zeit — Boko Haram Überblick https://www.zeit.de/politik/ausland/boko-haram-ueberblick
05 Tagesschau — Boko Haram https://www.tagesschau.de/ausland/bokoharam-ts-102.html
06 Deutsche Welle — Als sich Boko Haram radikalisierte https://www.dw.com/de/als-sich-boko-haram-radikalisierte/a-49761513
07 Konrad-Adenauer-Stiftung — Boko Haram https://www.kas.de/de/web/extremismus/islamismus/boko-haram
08 CNN — Boko Haram Fast Facts (also source for map) https://edition.cnn.com/world/africa/boko-haram-fast-facts
09 Encyclopaedia Britannica — Boko Haram https://www.britannica.com/topic/Boko-Haram
10 Africa News — Boko Haram leader reports (2021) https://www.africanews.com/2021/05/20/nigeria-s-boko-haram-leader-wounded-in-clashes-reports
11 ReliefWeb — Timeline of Boko Haram activity (to 2011) https://reliefweb.int/report/nigeria/timeline-boko-haram-activity
12 Amnesty International USA — Civilian deaths https://www.amnestyusa.org/press-releases/boko-harams-renewed-campaign-sparks-sharp-rise-in-civilian-deaths
13 DW — Chibok girls / #BringBackOurGirls https://www.dw.com/en/nigerias-chibok-girls-what-happened-in-april-2014/a-68796721
14 Spiegel — Terror gegen Bildung https://www.spiegel.de/lebenundlernen/schule/islamischer-staat-taliban-boko-haram-der-terror-gegen-bildung-a-1072917.html
15 Bundeszentrale für politische Bildung (bpb) — Boko Haram https://www.bpb.de/shop/zeitschriften/apuz/228876/boko-haram-lokaler-oder-transnationaler-terrorismus
16 Academia.edu — Poverty, Unemployment & Boko Haram https://www.academia.edu/40176199/ROLE_OF_POVERTY_AND_UNEMPLOYMENT…
Book: "The Disease is Unbelief": Boko Haram's Religious and Political Worldview — Alex Thurston
Key Figures & Leaders — Slides 13–16
01 Counter Extremism Project (CEP) — Boko Haram Report Counter Extremism Project — Boko Haram
02 International Crisis Group (ICG) International Crisis Group — Nigeria reports
03 Combating Terrorism Center (CTC) at West Point CTC at West Point — Boko Haram analysis
04 BBC News Profile / Reuters Timelines BBC News Africa — Abubakar Shekau Profile
05 Council on Foreign Relations (CFR) CFR — Boko Haram background
06 Amnesty International Amnesty International — Nigeria/Boko Haram reports
Book: The Boko Haram Reader — ed. Abdulbasit Kassim & Michael Nwankpa
Current Situation, Power Struggles & Financing — Slides 19–23
01 NCTV Netherlands — Terrorism Knowledge Base https://kennisbankterrorisme.nctv.nl/organisaties/boko-haram
02 Wikipedia — Islamic State West Africa Province (ISWAP) https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islamic_State_–_West_Africa_Province
03 ACLED — Methodology: Coding Boko Haram and ISWAP Factions https://acleddata.com/methodology/acled-methodology-coding-boko-haram-and-iswap-factions
04 DW — Wuppertal Sharia Police court ruling https://www.dw.com/en/german-court-acquits-seven-members-of-wuppertals-shariah-police/a-36472883
05 UNIDIR — Mapping an evolving armed constellation https://unidir.org/publication/boko-haram-mapping-an-evolving-armed-constellation/
06 International Crisis Group — JAS vs ISWAP https://www.crisisgroup.org/brf/africa/west-africa/nigeria/b196-jas-vs-iswap-war-boko-haram-splinters
07 Council on Foreign Relations — Financing Boko Haram https://www.cfr.org/blog/financing-boko-haram
08 SAGE Journals — Boko Haram financing study https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/pdf/10.1177/2158244020934494
09 GNET — Digital pathways to terrorist financing in Nigeria (2025) https://gnet-research.org/2025/05/30/inside-boko-harams-wallet-digital-pathways…
10 ISS Africa — Intelligence networks & resurgence https://issafrica.org/iss-today/boko-haram-s-intelligence-networks-fuel-its-deadly-resurgence
11 MNJTF — Multinational Joint Task Force https://mnjtffmm.org/category/mnjtf/
12 ACLED — Decade after Chibok: Nigeria's regional response https://acleddata.com/report/decade-after-chibok-assessing-nigerias-regional-response-boko-haram
13 ICG — Operation Safe Corridor assessment https://www.crisisgroup.org/africa/west-africa/nigeria/b170-exit-boko-haram-assessing-nigerias-operation-safe-corridor
14 USIP — Leaving Boko Haram Behind https://www.usip.org/events/leaving-boko-haram-behind
15 SWP Berlin — DDRR Policy Brief (Sept 2025) https://www.swp-berlin.org/assets/afrika/publications/policybrief/MTA-Policy_Brief_42_Sep_2025_Akintayo_DDRR.pdf
16 WANEP — Gender-sensitive deradicalisation https://wanep.org/wanep/countering-boko-haram-through-a-gender-sensitive-deradicalization-process

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